Engineering Applications

 Depth of Foundations

Anthony, R., and Pandy, A., 1996. Determining the Length of Timber Piles in Transportation Structures." Engineering Data Management, Inc.

Socketing

 Dong-Soo Kim, Hyung-Woo Kim, 2000.  Impact Echo Response of Rock Socketed Drilled Shafts. Paper in Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St. Louis, MO.

 Finno, R.J., 1997.  Parallel Seismic Evaluation of the NDE Test Section at the National Geotechnical Experimentation Site at Northwestern University. Final Report to the Infrastructure Technology Institute.

 Oklahoma Department of Transportation, 2000.  Design of Rock Socketed Drilled Shafts.

 Integrity Testing

 Amir, J., 2002.  Single-tube Ultrasonic Testing of Pile Integrity.

 Electrical and Magnetic Methods of Nondestructive Testing. 2nd edition, Book,

 Finno, R.J., 1997.  Parallel Seismic Evaluation of the NDE Test Section at the National Geotechnical Experimentation Site at Northwestern University. Final Report to the Infrastructure Technology Institute.

 Finno, R.J., and P. Champy, 1997. Cross-hole Sonic Logging Evaluation of Drilled Shafts at the Northwestern University National GeoTechnical Experimentation Site.  Final Report to the Infrastructure Technology Institute.

 Hanna, K., K. Haramy, A. Rock, and B. Hoekstra, 2000.  Three-Dimensional Tomographic Imaging for Deep Foundation Integrity Testing. Paper in Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St. Louis, MO.

 Haramy, K.Y, and N. Mekic-Stall, 2000.  Cross-hole Sonic Logging and Tomographic Imaging Surveys to Evaluate the Integrity of Deep Foundations - Case Studies. FHWA.

 Haramy, K.Y, and N. Mekic-Stall, 2000.  Evaluation of Drilled Shafts at Piney Creek Bridge using Cross-hole Sonic Logging Data and 3D Tomographic Imaging Method. Paper in Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St. Louis, MO.

Impact-Echo Instruments, LLC. Web Site. 

InfraSeis, Inc. Web Site.

 Innovative Technology Summary Report, DOE/EM-0538. Electrical Resistance Tomography for Subsurface Imaging.  

 Iskander, M., D. Roy, 2001.  Class-A Prediction of Construction Defects in Drilled Shafts. Transportation Research Board, Session on Drilled Shaft Capacity & Defects in Varved Clay. 

 Jalinoos, F., 1995  Ultrasonic Cross-hole and Crossmedium Tomography for the Detection of Defects in Structural Concrete. Paper in Proceedings of SAGEEP '95, Orlando, FL.

 Natural Resources Canada, 2002.  Spectral Gamma-Gamma, Geological Interpretation of Density and Spectral Gamma-Gamma (SGG) Logs. 

 Olson Engineering, Inc. Web Site. Cross-hole Sonic Logging.

 Olson Engineering, Web Site. Sonic Echo/ Impulse Response.

 Olson Instruments, Inc Web Site.  Single Hole Sonic Logging.

 Research and Technology Transporter, Federal Highway Administration, 2001. New CSL Method Makes Process More Accurate. K. Y. Haramy. 

 Rucker, M., M. Verquer, 2002. Gamma Density Logging of Drilled Shafts - Some Observations and Interpretations. Paper in Proceedings of Geophysics 2002, Los Angeles, CA.

 Sample Specifications for Crosshole Sonic Logging (CSL).

 Test Method Review- A Comparison of Gamma-gamma and Cross-hole Sonic Logging.

 Rebar Quality

 ACI Committee 222, 1996. Corrosion of Metals in Concrete. Publication ACI 222.R-96,

 Berke, M., 2000. Nondestructive Materials Testing with Ultrasonics, Introduction to Basic Principles. NDT.net, September 2000, Vol. 5, No. 09. 

 Branagan and Associates Inc., Nondestructive Testing Service for Assessing Cast-in-Place Concrete Columns,

 Corrosion Doctors Website,

 Corvib Web Site,

 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Theory: A Primer.

 Gannon, E. and Cady, P., 1992, Condition Evaluation of Concrete Bridges Relative to Reinforcement Corrosion, Strategic Highway Research Program; SHRP_S/FR-92-103.

 Germann Website.

 Halfcell Potential Testing. MGA web site

 Introduction to Corrosion Monitoring.

 KH Design and Development Web site.

 Klinghoffer, O., 1995, In situ Monitoring of Reinforcement Corrosion by Means of Electrochemical Methods. Nordic Mini Seminar; Lund.

 Lamtenzan, D., Washer, G., and Lozev, M., 2000, Detection and Sizing of Cracks in Structural Steel using the Eddy Current Method. FHWA-RD-00-018, Federal Highways Administration.

 Measurement of Corrosion in Steel.

 Model 800- LPR Corrosion Rate Monitoring in Concrete. Rohrback Cosesco Systems, Inc.,

 Nazarian, S., and Diehl, J., 2000. Use of Geophysical Methods in Construction. Proceedings of GEO-DENVER 2000, American Society of Civil Engineers.

 Obtaining Effective Half Cell Potential Measurements in Reinforced Concrete Structures.

 Reinforcement Electropotentials - Half Cell Potential Measurements.

 Tullmin, M, Hansson,C., Roberge,P., 1996. Electrochemical Techniques for Measuring Reinforcing Steel Corrosion.

 Zdunek, A., Prine D., 1995. Early Detection of Steel Rebar Corrosion by Acoustic Emission Monitoring. Proceedings of Corrosion 1995 Conference, Paper 547.

 Zero Resistance Ammetry.

 Concrete Condition 

ACI Committee 201, 1992. Guide for Making a Condition Survey of Concrete in Service. Publication ACI 201.1R-92.

 ACI Committee 224, 1993. Causes, Evaluation and Repair of Cracks in Concrete Structures. Publication ACI 224.1R.

 Advanced Geological Services Web site, Concrete Evaluation/Imaging Services.

 Branagan and Associates Inc. Nondestructive Testing Service for Assessing Cast-in-Place Concrete Columns.

 Cardimona, S, B. Willeford, D. Webb, J. Wenzlick, and N. Anderson. Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of Interstate 70 Across Missouri.

 Density of In Place Unhardened and Hardened Concrete by Nuclear methods.

 Evaluation and Repair of Concrete Structures, 2002. Army Corps of Engineers Pub. 1110-2-2002.

 Forbis, J., 2001. Radiography for Building Renovation. The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.

 Gannon, E. and Cady, P., 1992. Condition Evaluation of Concrete Bridges Relative to Reinforcement Corrosion. Strategic Highway Research Program; SHRP_S/FR-92-103.

 High Energy X-Ray Radiography-Force Institute.

 Impact-echo Device Gives Quick, Reliable Information on Concrete Condition. Pub.  FHWA-SA-96-045 (CS048), 1996.

 Kim, W., Cardimona, S., and J. Lambert. Concrete Road Inspection Using Ground Penetrating Radar.

 Landis, E., Peterson, M. et al, 1994.  Developments in NDE of Concrete. Northwestern University Center for Advanced Cement-Based Materials.

 Liu, L. and Guo, T., 2000. Seismic Non-destructive Tests on Reinforced Concrete Column of the Longton Highway Bridge, Guangxi, China.  Proceedings of The First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies and NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St Louis, Missouri. 

Neutron Radiography and Neutron and X-Ray Radiographs of a Concrete Core Sample Cross Section.

Non-destructive Testing Solutions for Roads and Bridges-Aggregates and Road Building.

Reinhart, H., 2001. Material Characterization of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete using Neutron CT, Ultrasound and Quantitative Acoustic Emission Techniques. University of Stuttgart,

Rosch, A. et al, 2002. Air Voids, Poor Compaction and Areas of Low Concrete Strength Detection by Pulse Velocity Measurement. Technische Universität Berlin,

Shaw, P., T. Petersen, 2000. High Energy Radiography Combined with the Agfa Strukturix DPS-Imaging System and Comparison with other NDE-methods for Inspection of Thick Reinforced Concrete Structures.  Proceedings of 2nd Intl Conference on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurized Components, New Orleans.

Scour 

Evaluating Scour at Bridges. FWHA Pub. HI-96-031, Edition 3, 1995,

Dowding H.les et al. Time Domain Reflectometry Monitoring of Bridge Integrity and Performance.

Dowding, C. and C. Pierce, 1994. Use of Time Domain Reflectometry to Detect Bridge Scour and Monitor Pier Movement. Northwestern University Center for Advanced Cement-Based Materials.  

Dowding, C. Geophysical Applications of Time-Domain Reflectometry. Northwestern University.

Finno, R.J., and P.J. Prommer, 1994. Evaluation of Inaccessible Drilled Shafts Using the Granite Island Group, Introduction to TDR. , 

Heinrichs, Thomas et al. Methodology and Estimates of Scour at Selected Bridge Site in Alaska.

Impulse Response Method. www.iti.northwestern.edu/pubs/tr3.html

Kutrubes, D., and K. Maser, K., 1998. Use of GPR in 2D and 3D Imaging of Bridge Footings and Scour Studies. Proceedings of Symposium for the Applications of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems, March 1998, Chicago, IL, pp. 893-902.

Mercado, E., and J. McDonald, 2002. Two New Non-Destructive Methods to Measure Scour Depth and the Depth of Unknown Foundations.  Proceedings of Geophysics 2002, Los Angeles, CA.

O'Conner, K., C. Dowding, 2000. Real Time Monitoring of Infrastructure Using TDR Technology Principles.  Proceedings of The First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, December 2000, St Louis, Missouri.

Placzek, G. and Haeni. Surface-Geophysical Techniques used to Detect Existing and Infilled Scour Holes Near Bridge Piers. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4009.

Webb J. D., and T. Newton, 2002. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR): A tool for Monitoring Bridge Scour.  Proceedingss from Geophysics 2002, Los Angeles, CA.

Webb, D., N. Anderson, et al, 2000. Bridge Scour: Application of Ground Penetrating Radar. Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure. December 2000, St. Louis, MO. 

Deck Stability

A Study of Wind Action on the Weirton-Steubenville Cable Stayed Bridge. Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Report BLWT-SS1-77, 1977.

A Study of Wind Effects for the Sunshine Skyway Bridge, Tampa, Florida - Concrete Alternate. Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Report, BLWT-SS24-82. (see also - Steel Alternate, BLWT-SS25-82).

Abdel-Ghaffar, A., S. Masri, R. Nigbor, A. Abouhashish, and A. Nazmy, 1996.  Issues on Structural Dynamic Monitoring, Integrity, and Control of Cable-Supported Bridges. Proceedings of  2^nd International Workshop on Structural Control, Hong Kong.

 Design Procedures for Dynamically Loaded Structures (Ch. 10), Prentice-Hall Inc, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1970.

 Diehl, J.G. and Ahmed Abdel-Ghaffar, 1985.  Analysis of the Dynamic characteristics of the Golden Gate Bridge by Ambient Vibration Measurements. Report No. 85-SM-1, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Priceton University.

 Diehl, J.G., and W.D. Iwan, 1992.  A Technical Review of Modern Strong Motion Accelerographs. Proceedings of 10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Madrid, Spain.

 Nigbor, R., 1996.  State-of-the-Practice in Structural Monitoring. Proceedings of 2^nd International Workshop on Structural Control, Hong Kong.

 Nigbor, R., 1999.  Some New Developments in Real-Time Monitoring of Civil Structures.  Proceedings of NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Strong Motion Instrumentation for Civil Engineering Structures, Istanbul.

 Nigbor, R., 2000.  Instrumentation Systems for Dynamic Monitoring of Bridges.  Proceedings of Workshop on Instrumental Diagnostics of Seismic Response of Bridges and Dams, UCB/PEER.

 Nigbor, R., 2000.  Practical Issues in Health Monitoring for Civil Structures.  Proceedings 2^nd Workshop on Advanced Technologies in Urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Kyoto, Japan.

 Nigbor, R., 2001.  Advanced Sensors for Building Monitoring. COSMOS Workshop on Strong Motion Instrumentation of Buildings, Oakland, CA.

 Nigbor, R., 2001.  New Developments in Health Monitoring for Civil Structures. in Strong Motion Instrumentation for Civil Engineering Structures, M. Erdik, ed., Kluwer, 2001.

Nigbor, R., and J. Swift, 2001.  Quality Assurance Issues with Geotechnical Databases. COSMOS Workshop on Geotechnical Databases, Richmond, CA.

 Nigbor, R., and O. Viengkhou, 2000.  OASIS - A Real-Time Monitoring System.  Proceedings of 17^th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC17), Taipei.

 Nigbor, R., et al., 2001.  Feasibility of Detecting Known Structural Changes from Ambient Vibration Data.  Proceedings of 3^rd International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford Univ.

 Nigbor, R.L. 1991.  Measurement Techniques for Structural Vibration Problems. Proceedings of ASCE So. Carolina Section Meeting, Columbia, SC.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1984.  Full-Scale Ambient Vibration Measurements of the Golden Gate Suspension Bridge - Instrumentation and Data Acquisition.  Proceedings of Eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1990.  Applied Seismic Instrumentation for Long-Span Bridges.  Proceedings of Second Workshop on Bridge Engineering Research in Progress, Reno.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1990.  Instrumentation Concepts for Post-Earthquake Assessment.  Proceedings of 6th U.S.-Japan Bridge Engineering Workshop, Lake Tahoe.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1991.  Dynamic Monitoring of Suspension Bridges.  Proceedings of International Workshop on Technology for Hong Kong's Infrastructure Development, Hong Kong.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1993.  Experimental Techniques for Structural Performance. ACI 1993 Convention, Vancouver, BC.

 Nigbor, R.L., 1995.  Seismic Refraction Maps Soil/Rock Layers. International Groundwater Technology.

 Nigbor, R.L., A. Cakmak, R. Mark, R., 1992.  Measured to the Max. Civil Engineering.

 Nigbor, R.L., J. Diehl, M. Higazy, 1996.  OASIS: A New Real-Time Structural Monitoring System.  Proceedings of 2nd International Conference in Civil Engineering on Computer Applications, Bahrain.

 Nigbor, R.L., J.G. Diehl, 1996.  Real-Time Remote Condition Monitoring of a Cable-Stayed Bridge in Bangkok, Thailand. 4th National Workshop on Bridge Research in Progress.

 Predicting Wind-Induced Response in Hurricane Zones. J. Str. Div., ASCE 1976.

Smyth, A., S. Masri, A. Abdel-Ghaffar, and Nigbor, R., 2000.  Development of a Nonlinear MultipInput/Multi-Output Model for the Vincent Thomas Bridge under Earthquake Excitations. Proc. 12WCEE, New Zealand.

 Vibration of Buildings - Guidelines for the Measurement of Vibrations and Evaluation of their Effects on Buildings, American National Standard Institute (ANSI) S2.47-1990 (R1997)

Wind Induced Response of Suspension Bridges - Wind Tunnel Model and Full Scale Observations, 1979. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Wind Engineering, C.S.U., Fort Collins, Colorado.

Condition Evaluation

 Cardimona, S. 2000.  Ground Penetrating Radar.  Proceedings of Geophysics 2000-The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.  Missouri Department of Transportation-publishers, Jefferson, Missouri.

 Gucunski, N., S. Antoljak, and A. Maher, 2000.  Seismic Methods in Post Construction Condition Monitoring of Bridge Decks.  Use of Geophysical Methods in Construction, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 108, Soheil Nazarian and John Diehl, Editors,  Geo Institute, ASCE, pp. 35-51.

 Gucunski, N. G. Consolazio, and A. Maher, 2002. Concrete Bridge Deck Delamination Detection by Integrated Ultrasonic Methods.  American Concrete Institute (recently accepted for publication in an ACI Journal).

 Gucunski, N., and A. Maher, 1998.  Bridge Deck Condition Monitoring by Impact Echo Method. Proceedings of International Conference MATEST '98 - Life Extension, Brijuni, Croatia, October 1-2, 1998, pp. 39-45.

 Hickman, S., and S. Cardimona, 2000.  Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of Interstate 70 Across Missouri.  Proceedings of Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, Missouri Department of Transportation-publishers, Jefferson, M issouri, 2001.

 Maser, K. R., 2002.  Use of Ground Penetrating Radar Data for Rehabilitation of Composite Pavements on High Volume Roads.  Proceedings of Pavement Evaluation 2002, Roanoake, VA.

 Maser, K. R.; T. Holland, R. L. Roberts, J. Popovics, and A. Heinz, 2003.  Technology for Quality Assurance of New Pavement Thickness. TRB-Paper #03-3850, Transportation Research Board.

 Nazarian, S., and D. Yuan, 1997.  Evaluation and Improvement of Seismic Pavement Analyzer. Research Project 7-2936, The Center for Highway Materials Research, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX.

 Perkins, A. D., J. J. Amrol, F. A. Romero, R. L. Roberts, 2000.  DOT Specification Development Based on Evaluation of Ground-Penetrating Radar System Performance in Measuring Concrete Cover (Reinforcement Depth) on New Bridge Deck Construction.  Proceedings of Structural Materials Technology IV:  An NDT Conference, Feb. 28 - Mar. 3, 2000, Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., pp. 53 - 60. 

 Roberts, G. E.. and J. J. Amrol, 1999.  Concrete Cover Determination Using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR).  United States Department of Transportation (Federal Highway Administration-FHWA) Priority Technology Program, Project No. NH1997-01, State of New Hampshire Department of Transportation, Bureau of Materials & Research Final Report.

 Roberts, R., 2000.  Effect of Antenna-Surface Distance on the Radiation of a GPR Antenna. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on GPR, Gold Coast Australia, Noon, D., Stickley, G., and Longstaff, D., Editors, SPIE Vol. 4084, p. 702-707.

 Roberts, R., and D. Cist, 2002.  Enhanced Target Imaging in 3D Using GPR Data from Orthogonal Profile Lines.  Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on GPR, April 29-May 2, 2002, Santa Barbara, CA., Koppenjan and Lee Editors., SPIE Vol. 4758, p. 256-261.

 Roberts, R. L., F. A. Romero, 1998.  High-Resolution GPR Bridge Deck Evaluation Surveys. Proceedings of the International Conference on Corrosion and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Dec. 7-11, 1998, FHWA-SA-99-014.

 Romero, F. A., D. Allen, R. L. Roberts, and J. Fleckenstein, 2000.  Ground-Penetrating Radar Investigation of an Interstate Concrete Pavement for Evidence of Segregation Caused by Poor Consolidation During Construction.  Proceedings of Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, Paper 4-21, Dec. 2000, Missouri Department of Transportation, publishers, Jefferson, Missouri.

 Romero, F. A., G. E. Roberts, and R. L. Roberts, 2000.  Evaluation of GPR Bridge Deck Survey Results Used for Delineation of Removal/Maintenance Quantity Boundaries on Asphalt-Overlaid, Reinforced Concrete Deck.  Proceedings of 2000 Structural Materials Technology IV:  An NDT Conference, Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., Feb. 28-Mar. 3, 2000, Atlantic City, NJ, pp. 23 - 30.

 Romero, F. A., and R. L. Roberts, 2002.  Mapping Concrete Deterioration:  High-Speed Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys on Bridge Decks Using New Analysis Method Based on Dual-Polarization Deployment of Horn Antennae.  Proceedings of the 2002 International Bridge Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, June 10-12, 2002, Paper IBC-02-12.

 Romero, F. A., and R. L. Roberts, 2002.  The Evolution in High-Resolution Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys from Ground-Coupled to High-Speed, Air-Coupled Evaluations.  Proceedings of the Structural Materials Technology V: An NDT Conference, Cincinnati, OH.

 Saarenketo, T. 1997.  Using Ground Penetrating Radar and Dielectric Probe Measurements in Pavement Density Quality Control.  Transportation Research Record, pp. 34-41.

 Saarenketo, T., and P. Roimela, 1998.  Ground Penetrating Radar Technique in Asphalt Pavement Density Quality Control.  Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Lawrence, KS. Volume 2, pp. 461-466.

 Saarenketo, T., and T. Scullion, 2002.  Implementation of Ground Penetrating Radar Technology in Asphalt Pavement Testing.  Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, International Society for Asphalt Pavements (ISAP), Kopenhagen, Denmark.

 Saarenketo, T., and T. Scullion, 2000.  Road Evaluation with Ground Penetrating Radar.  Journal of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 43, pp. 119 -138.

 Scullion, T., T. Saarenketo, 1998.  Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar Technology for Network and Project Level Pavement Management Survey Systems.  Proceedings of the 4^th International Conference on Managing Pavements, Durban, South Africa.

 Wenzlick, J. D., S. Cardimona, 2000.  Investigation of Bridge Decks Utilizing Ground Penetrating Radar. Proceedings of Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.  St. Louis, Missouri.

Pavement, Condition Evaluation

Evaluation of Ground-Penetrating Radar and Infrared Thermography Prepared by Materials and Research Division of Highways, Delaware Department of Transportation, for Federal Highway Administration Experimental Project No. 11, FHWA-EP-11-002, May 1989

Baker, M.R., Crain, K., and Nazarian, S., 1995. Determination of Pavement Thickness with a New Ultrasonic Device, Research Report 1966-1, Center for Highway Materials Research, The University of Texas as El Paso.
Barnes, Christopher. L.;Trottier, Jean-Francois. 2003. "Effectiveness of GPR in Predicting Deck Repair Quantities", ASCE Journal of Infrastructure Systems (accepted; submitted in December 2002 for peer review prior to publication).
Cardimona, Steve. 2000. Ground Penetrating Radar, Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St. Louis, Missouri.

Chung, T and C.R. Carter, Pavement Determination and Detection of Pavement Cavities Using Radar, Ontario Ministry of Transportation, Research & Development Branch Project 21187, MAT-91-03, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.

Geomedia Research and Development. Company Web Site: www.Geomedia.US

German Instruments A/S. Company Web Site. www.germann.org

Hauser, E.C., and Howell, M.J., 2002. Ground Penetrating Radar Survey to Evaluate Roadway Collapse in Northen Ohio. 2001 Symposium on Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP), 2001 CD Publication RBA-2, 7p.

Hickman, Shane; Cardimona, Steve, 2000. Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of Interstate 70 Across Missouri. Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, December 2000, Missouri Department of Transportation-publishers, Jefferson, Missouri.

Impact-Echo Instruments, LLC. Company Web Site: www. Impact-echo.com

Mary J. Sansalone and William B. Streett,1997. Impact-Echo: Nondestructive Evaluation of Concrete and Masonry, Bullbrier Press, 339 pp.
Maser, K. Radar Pavement Thickness Evaluation: Case Studies at 13 WES Sites:, report prepared for the US Army Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., December 1991
Maser, K. Use of Radar Technology for Pavement Layer Evaluation. Report 930-5F, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX February 1991

Maser, Kenneth R. 2002. Use of Ground Penetrating Radar Data for Rehabilitation of Composite Pavements on High Volume Roads. Conference Proceedings-Pavement Evaluation 2002, Roanoake, VA.
Maser, Kenneth R.; Bernhardt, M. 2000. Statewide Bridge Deck Survey Using Ground Penetrating Radar. 2000 Structural Materials Technology IV: An NDT Conference, Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., Atlantic City, New Jersey, pp. 23 - 30.

Maser, Kenneth R.; Holland, T. Joe; Roberts, Roger L.; Popovics, John; Heinz, Ariadna. 2003. "Technology for Quality Assurance of New Pavement Thickness", TRB-Paper #03-3850, Transportation Research Board.

Nazarian, S., Baker, M.R., and Crain, K., 1997. Assessing Quality of Concrete with Wave Propagation Techniques. Materials Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 94, No. 4, Farmington Hills, MI, pp 296-306.

Nazarian, S., Yuan, D., and Baker, M.R., 1995. Rapid Determination of Pavement Moduli with Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method. Research Report 1243-1, Center for Highway Materials Research, The University of Texas as El Paso.

Olson Instruments, Inc. Company Web Site: www.olsoninstruments.com
Research Report 4188-2

Roberts, Roger L., Romero; Francisco A. 1998. High Resolution GPR Bridge Deck Evaluation Surveys. Highway Applications of Engineering Geophysics with an Emphasis on Previously Mined Ground, pp. 249 - 54. Missouri Department of Transportation-publishers, Jefferson City, Missouri.

Roddis, W.M., Maser, K., and Gisi, A., 1992 Radar Pavement Thickness Evaluations for Varying Base Conditions. TRB-Paper #92-0682, Transportation Research Board, January.

Romero, Francisco A., Allen, David, Roberts, Roger L., Fleckenstein, John. 2000. Ground-Penetrating Radar Investigation of an Interstate Concrete Pavement for Evidence of Segregation Caused by Poor Consolidation During Construction. Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, Paper 4-21, St. Louis, Missouri.

Romero, Francisco A.; Roberts, Glenn E.; Roberts, Roger L. 2000. Evaluation of GPR Bridge Deck Survey Results Used for Delineation of Removal/Maintenance Quantity Boundaries on Asphalt-Overlaid, Reinforced Concrete Deck. 2000 Structural Materials Technology IV: An NDT Conference, Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., Atlantic City, New Jersey, pp. 23 - 30.

Romero, Francisco A.; Roberts, Roger L. 2002. Mapping Concrete Deterioration: High-Speed Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys on Bridge Decks Using New Analysis Method Based on Dual-Polarization Deployment of Horn Antennae, 2002. International Bridge Conference Paper IBC-02-12, Proceedings International Bridge Conference, Pittsburgh, PA.

Romero, Francisco A.; Roberts, Roger L. 2002. The Evolution in High-Resolution Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys from Ground-Coupled to High-Speed, Air-Coupled Evaluations. Proceedings from Structural Materials Technology V: An NDT Conference, Cincinnati, OH.
Saarenketo, Timo 1997. Using Ground Penetrating Radar and Dielectric Probe Measurements in Pavement Density Quality Control. Transportation Research Record. pp. 34-41.

Saarenketo, Timo,. 1997. Using Ground Penetrating Radar and Dielectric Probe Measurements in Pavement Density Quality Control. Transportation Research Record. pp. 34-41.

Saarenketo, Timo; Roimela, Petri, 1998. Ground Penetrating Radar Technique in Asphalt Pavement Density Quality Control. Proceedings from Seventh International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Lawrence, Kansas. Volume 2, pp. 461-466.

Saarenketo, Timo; Scullion, Tom 2002. "Implementation of Ground Penetrating Radar Technology in Asphalt Pavement Testing", Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, International Society for Asphalt Pavements (ISAP), Kopenhagen, Denmark.

Saarenketo, Timo; Scullion, Tom, 2000. Road Evaluation with Ground Penetrating Radar. Journal of Applied Geophysics 43 119 -138.
Sansalone, M., Carino, N.J., 1986, Impact Echo: A Method for Flaw Detection in Concrete Using Transient Stress Waves, NBSIR 86-3452, National Technical Information Service, Springfield.

Scullion, Tom; Saarenketo, Timo. 1998. Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar Technology for Network and Project Level Pavement Management Survey Systems. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Managing Pavements, Durban, South Africa.

Wenzlick, John D; Cardimona, Steve. 2000. Investigation of Bridge Decks Utilizing Ground Penetrating Radar. Geophysics 2000- The First Annual Conference on the Application of Geophysical and NDT Methodologies to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, St. Louis, Missouri.

Yuan, Deren, Nazarian, Soheil and Medichetti, Anitha, 2002, A Methodology for Optimizing Opening of PCC Pavements to Traffic, Texas Department of Transportation

Transporation/Geotechnical Methods

Drnevich, V.P., Yu, X., and Lovell, J., 2003. Time Domain Reflectometry for Water Content and Density of Soils: Test Procedures and Typical Results. TRB 2003 Annual Meeting CD-ROM.

Evaluation of Ground-Penetrating Radar and Infrared Thermography.  Prepared by Materials and Research Division of Highways, Delaware Department of Transportation, for Federal Highway Administration Experimental Project No. 11, FHWA-EP-11-002,  May 1989.

Hanna, K., and Haramy, K, 2000.  Y2K Ground Imaging Technology for Geotechnical Performance Evaluation Proceedings.  Amherst 2K Conference, Amherst, Massachusetts.

Kaya, A. 2002 Evaluation of Soil Porosity Using a Low MHz Range Dielectric Constant. Turkish Journal of Engineering Environmental Science. Vol. 26. No. 301-307.

Lenke, L. R., McKeen, R. G., and Grush, M. P. 2003.  Laboratory Evaluation of the GeoGauge for Compaction Control. TRB 2003 Annual Meeting CD-ROM.

Lin, C.-P., Drnevich, V. P., Feng, W., and Deschamps, R. J. 2000.  Time Domain Reflectometry for Compaction Quality Control. Use of Geophysical Methods in Construction, Edited by S. Nazarian and J. Diehl. Geophysical Special Publication 108. ASCE Press. pp. 15-34.

Look, B. G. and Reeves, I. N. (1992).  The Application of Time Domain Reflectometry in Geotechnical Instrumentation. Geotechnical Testing Journal. Vol. 15. No. 3. pp. 277-283.

Ooi, P. S. K and Pu, J. (2003). Use of Stiffness for Evaluating Compactness of Cohesive Pavement Geomaterials.  TRB 2003 Annual Meeting CD-ROM.

Romero, P. 2000. Laboratory Evaluation of the PQI-Model 300.  Report to FHWA as part of Pooled-Fund Study.

Sebesta, S. and Scullion. T. 2003.  Application of Infrared Imaging and Ground-Penetrating Radar for Detecting Segregation in Hot-Mix Asphalt Overlays.  TRB 2003 Annual Meeting CD-ROM.

Siddiqui, S. I., Drnevish, V. P., and Deschamps, R. J. 2000.  Time Domain Reflectometry Development for Use in Geotechnical Engineering.  Geotechnical Testing Journal. Vol. 23. No. 1. pp. 9-20. 

Topp, G. C., Davis, J. L., and Annan, A. P. 1980.  Electromagnetic Determination of Soil Water Content: Measurements in Coaxial Transmission Lines.  Water Resources Journal.  Vol. 16. No. 3. pp. 574-582.

Troxler 2003.  Company Web Site. 

TransTeck (2003). Company Web Site. http://www.transtechsys.com. Corporate Headquarters. 1594 State Street. Schenectady, NY 12304.

Voids

Adams, G., N. Anderson, J. Baker, M. Shoemaker, A. Shaw, and A. Hatheway, A., 1998.  GPR and High Resolution Reflection Seismic Used to Map Subsidence under HW 44, Missouri.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '98, Chicago, IL.

 Anderson, N., G. Adams, G. Goesmann, T. Newton, A. Hatheway, and S. Cardimona, 1997. Ground-Penetrating Radar and Shallow Reflection Seismic Study of Karstic Damage to I-44 Embankment, West Springfield Area, Missouri.

 Army Corps of Engineers.  Difficult Problems Require Geophysical Solutions.

 Earth Resources Laboratory. Environmental Applications. 

 Geo Model Web Site.  Sinkhole and Subsidence.

 Gucunski, N., V. Krstic, and A. Maher, 1997.  Field Implementation of the Surface Waves for Obstacle Detection (SWOD) Method.

 Haeni, F.P., 2002.  Detection and Mapping of Fractures and Cavities Using Borehole Radar. Fractured Rock.

 Hanna, K., Strid, J., and Hanson, D., 2001.  Imaging Old Mine Works.  Proceedings of National Association of Abandoned Mine Land Programs, Athens, Ohio.

Keele University Web Site.  Microgravity Surveying. 

 Microgravity Survey for Cavity Detection.

 Miller, R.D., J. Xia, 2002.  High Resolution Seismic Reflection Investigation of a Subsidence Feature on HW50, Kansas.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '02, Las Vegas, NV.

 Munk, J., and R. A. Sheets, 1997.  Detection of Underground Voids in Ohio by Use of Geophysical Methods.  USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4221. 

 Park, C., R. Miller, et al., 2000.  Multichannel Seismic Surface Wave Methods for Geotechnical Applications. Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

 Phillips, C., G. Casante, D. Hutchinson, 2002.  The Innovative Use of Seismic Surface Waves for Void Detection and Material Characterization.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '02, Las Vegas, NV. Potential Field Techniques. 

 Pyrak-Nolte, L., 2002.  Seismic Imaging of Fractured Media.

Road Radar and Micro-Seismic Surveys.

 Rosch, A. et al., 2002.  Air Voids, Poor Compaction and Areas of Low Concrete Strength Detection by Pulse Velocity Measurement. Technische Universität Berlin.

 Roubal, M., 2000.  Evaluating & Locating Engineering Structures Using Non-destructive Testing Technology.  Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

 Shear Waves-Techniques and Systems. 

Shoemaker, M., N. Anderson, J. Baker, A.  Hatheway, M. Roark, T. Newton, S. Cardimona, and S. Oppert, 1998.  High Resolution Seismic Reflection Survey of Abandoned Mines along a Proposed Interstate Route, Missouri. Proceedings of SAGEEP '98, Chicago, IL.

 Stahl, B. A., J. L. Leberfinger, and J. J. Warren.  Electrical Imaging: a Method for Identifying Potential Collapse and Other Karst Features Near Roadways. 

 Technos Inc. Web Site.  Surface Geophysics.

 Terradat Geophysical.  Ground Penetrating Radar Surveying.

 The MicroVib. 

 Void and Utility Detection. 

Wolfe, P.J., B. H. Rid, E. C. Hauser, and J. D. Hicks, 2000.  Identifying Potential Collapse Zones under Highways.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '00, Arlington, VA.

 Clay Content

Dalgaard, M., H. Nehmdahl, and H. Have.  Soil Clay Mapping from Measurements of Electromagnetic Conductivity.  KVL Precision Farming.

 Morrison, F., and J. Yang.  Near Surface Mapping of Induced Polarization.

 Palacky, C., 1987.  Clay Mapping using Electromagnetic methods.  First Break, Vol 5, No. 8, August 1987, pp. 295-306.

 Slater, L., and D. Lesmes, 2000.  The Induced Polarization Method.  Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

Roadbed Clay

Pfeiffer, J., 2001.  EM Survey over Road to Detect the Presence of Clays.  Blackhawk GeoServices Report.

 Slater, L., and D. Lesmes, 2000.  The Induced Polarization Method.  Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

 Bedrock Depth/Structure/Fractures For Materials Source Areas And Foundations

Barker, R.D., 2001.  Imaging fractures in hardrock terrain.

FHWA Web Site.  Proper Use of Surface Geophysical Equipment.

Fugro Airborne Surveys Web Site.  Airborne Magnetics Used to Map Bedrock Structure.

Gettings, M., and B. Houser.  Depth to Bedrock in the Upper San Pedro Valley, Cochise County, Southeastern Arizona. 

Hager, J. L., and M. C. Hager, M.C.  GPR as a Cost Effective Bedrock Mapping Tool for Large Areas. 

Hayward, C., and T. Goforth, "Seismic Reflection Investigations of a Bedrock Surface Buried under Alluvium. 

Hickman, S. et al., 2000.  Geophysical Site Characterization in Support of Highway Expansion Project.  International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Technologies to Planning, Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Transportation Facilities, St. Louis, MO.

Kick, J.  Depth of Bedrock Using Gravimetry.

Met Geophysics Web Site.  Bedrock Profiling Using Resistivity and GPR.

Naeva Geophysics Inc. Web Site. Seismic Reflection and Refraction Used for Bedrock Imaging. 

Pinelli, G, et.al., 1999. A Dedicated Radar System for Preliminary No-Dig Investigation. 

Roubal, M., 2000.  Evaluating & Locating Engineering Structures Using Non-destructive Testing Technology.  Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure. 

Sterling, R.  Utility Locating Technologies: A Summary of Responses to a Statement of Need.  Distributed by the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer.

Fractures and Weak Zones

Advanced Geosciences Inc.  2-D Resistivity Structure.

Advanced Geosciences Inc. Web Site.  2-D Resistivity Mapping.

Barker, R., 2001.  Imaging Fractures in Hardrock Terrain.

Cosma, C., and N. Enescu, 2002.  Multi-azimuth VSP Methods for Fractured Rock Characterization.  Proceedings of he 5^th International Workshop on the Application of Geophysics in Rock Engineering, Toronto, Canada

Crampin, S., J. Queen, and W. Rizer.  The Need for Underground Research Laboratories in Sedimentary Basins NS2.1, Near-Surface Seismic Reflection Studies.

Goupil, F.  New in Geophysics.  Tunnel Canada Web Site.

Haeni, F., et al., 2002.  Detection and Mapping of Fractures and Cavities Using Borehole Radar.  Fractured Rock.

Haeni, F.P., L. Halleux, C. Johnson, J. Lane.  Detection and Mapping of Fractures and Cavities Using Borehole Radar. USGS Web Site.

Leberfinger, J., 2000.  Three Dimensional Electrical Imaging.  Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

Rock Quality Assessment Using Borehole Seismic.

Rock Solid Images Web Site.  Seismic Fracture Detection, Exploiting the Range of Seismic Signatures. 

Singha, K., et al., 2000.  Borehole Radar Methods: Tools for Characterization of Fractured Rock.  EPA Fact Sheet 054-00.

Lithology

Advanced Geosciences, Inc.  Resistivity Imaging. 

Bayless, E., D. Westjohn, and L. Watson.  Use of Surface and Borehole Geophysics to Delineate the Glacial-drift Stratigraphy of Northeastern St. Joseph County, Indiana. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4041.

Cardimona, S., D. Webb, and T. Lippincott, 2000.  Ground Penetrating Radar": Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

Clark, R., G. Swayze, and A. Gallaher, A.  Mapping the Mineralogy and Lithology of Canyonlands, Utah with Imaging Spectrometer Data and Multiple Spectral Feature Mapping Algorithm.  USGS Web Site.

Ellefsen, K., J. Lucius, and D. Fitterman.  TEM and DC Resistivity.  USGS Web Site.

Fugro Airborne Surveys.  DIGHEM Airborne Resistivity Mapping of Sand and Gravel.

Kilner, M., L. West, and T. Murray.  Identifying Spatial Variability in Glacial Sediment Using Electrical Methods. 

Natural Resources Canada. Induced Polarization.

Slater,L., and D. Lesmes, 2000.  The Induced Polarization Method.  Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

Applied Geophysics for Groundwater Studies.

Bernard, J., 1997.  The Proton Magnetic Resonance Method for Groundwater Investigations.  IRIS web manual.

Butler, K., R. Russell, A. Kepic, and M. Maxwell, M., 1996.  Measurement of the Seismoelectric Response from a Shallow Boundary.  Geophysics, Vol. 61, No. 06, pp. 1769-1778.

Connor, C., S. Sandberg, R. Green, and D. Farrell.  Transient Electromagnetic Mapping and Monitoring of the Edwards Aquifer. 20-9212.

GEO ENG Web Site.  Groundwater Geophysics Solutions.

Goldman, G., M. Rabinovich, and I. Rabinovich, 1996.  Detection of the Water Level in Fractured Phreatic Aquifers Using NMR Geophysical Measurements.  Journal of Applied Geophysics.

Goldman, M., B. Rabinovich, M. Rabinovich, D. Gilad, I. Gev, and M. Schirov, 1994. Application of the Integrated NMR-TDEM Method in Groundwater Exploration in Israel. Journal of Applied Geophysics.

Groundwater Surface and Flow

Haartsen, M., Z. Zhu, and M. Toksoz, 1995.  Seismoelectric Experimental Data and Modeling in Porous Layer Models at Ultrasonic Frequencies. Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 696-699.

Hatch, M., B. Barrett B. et al.  Improved Near Surface Mapping in Groundwater Studies: Application of Fast-sampling Time-domain EM Survey Methods.

Kindij, E., 1960.  Discussion of the Electroseismic Effect by Martner, S. T., et al.  GEO-24-02-0297-0308, Geophysics, 25, No. 01, p. 325.

Legchenko, A., 1996.  Some Aspects of the Performance of the Surface NMR Method. SEG, Denver.

Legchenko, A., 1996. "A Practical Accuracy of the Surface NMR Measurements. EAGE, Amsterdam.

Legchenko, A., A. Beauce, A. Guillen, P. Valla, and J. Bernard, J, 1996.  Capability of the NMR Applied to Aquifers Investigation from the Surface.  EEGS, Nantes.

Legchenko, A., A. Beauce, P. Valla, J. Bernard, and G. Pierrat, 1997.  Development of a Proton Magnetic Resonance Equipment for Groundwater Investigations.  High Resolution Geophysics.

Legchenko, A., O. Shushakov, J. Perrin, and A. Portselan, 1995.  Non-invasive NMR Study of Subsurface Aquifers in France.  SEG, Houston, Texas.

Lieblich, D., A. Legchenko, F. Haeni, and A. Portselan, 1994.  Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments to Detect Subsurface Water at Haddam Meadows, Connecticut. SAGEEP, Boston, Massachusetts.

Long, L., and W. Rivers, 1975.  Field Measurement of the Electroseismic Response. Geophysics, 40, No. 02, pp. 233-245.

Martner, S., and N. Sparks, 1959.  The Electroseismic Effect. Geophysics, 24, No. 02, pp. 297-308. (* Discussion in GEO-25-01-0325-0325)

Mikhailov, O., J. Queen, and N. Toksoz, 1997a.  Using Borehole Electroseismic Measurements to Detect and characterize Fractured (Permeable) Zones.  Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 1981-1984.

Mikhailov, O., M. Haartsen, and M. Toksoz, 1997b.  Electroseismic Investigation of the Shallow Subsurface: Field Measurements and Numerical Modeling.  Geophysics, 62, No. 01, pp. 97-105.

Millar, J, and R. Clarke.  Electrokinetic Techniques for Measurement of Rock Permeability. Company Brochure from GroundFlow Ltd.

Murthy, Y., 1985.  First Results on the Direct Detection of Groundwater by Seismoelectric Effect - A Field Experiment.  ASEG 13th Geophysical Conference, Australian Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, 16, pp. 254-256.

Pride, S., and Morgan, F., 1991.  Electrokinetic Dissipation Induced by Seismic Waves. Geophysics, 56, No. 07, pp. 914-925.

Pride, S., and W. Haartsen, 1993.  Modelling Electroseismic Wave Phenomena in Layered Media.  61st Meeting. European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Geophysical Exploration, Session:D017.

Pride, S., T. Madden, and N. Toksoz, 1992.  Theoretical Modeling of the Electroseismic Effect.  61st Meeting European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Geophysical Exploration, pp. 348-349.

Ramboll Web Site.  New Seismic Method for Mapping of Groundwater.

Russell, R., K. Butler, A, Kepic, and M. Maxwell, M., 1997.  Seismoelectric Exploration. The Leading Edge, 16, No. 11, pp. 1611-1615.

Schirov, M., and A. Legchenko, 1991.  A New Direct Non-invasive Groundwater Detection Technology for Australia.  Exploration Geophysics.

Shankar, R.  Groundwater Exploration.  20^th WEDC Conference.

Shushakov, O., 1996.  Groundwater NMR in Conductive Water.  Geophysics.

Sorensen, K.,  E. Auken, and P. Thomsen.  TDEM in Groundwater Mapping - A Continuous Approach.

Thompson, A., and G. Gist, 1991.  Electroseismic Prospecting.  Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 425-427.

Thompson, A., and G. Gist, 1993.  Geophysical Applications of Electrokinetic Conversion.  The Leading Edge, 12, No. 12, pp. 1169-1173.

Trinks, I., D. Wachsmuth, and H. Stumpel.  Monitoring Water Flow in the Unsaturated Zone Using Georadar.  First Break.  Vol. 19, December 12, 2001.

Trushkin, D., O. Shushakov, and A. Legchenko, 1994.  The Potential of a Noise-reducing Antenna for Surface NMR Groundwater Surveys in the Earth's Magnetic Field. Geophysical Prospecting.

Trushkin, D., O. Shushakov, and A. Legchenko, 1995.  Surface NMR Applied to an Electroconductive Medium.  Geophysical Prospecting.

University of New South Wales.  Geophysical Methods (Electrical) in Groundwater Investigation. 

Van Overmeeren, R., 1981.  A Combination of Electrical Resistivity, Seismic Refraction, and Gravity Measurements for Groundwater Exploration in Sudan.  Geophysics, Vol 46, # 9, pg 1304-1313.  

Zhu, Z.,  and D. Toksoz, 1999.  Seismoelectric and Seismomagnetic Measurements in Fractured Borehole Models.  Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 144-147.

Engineering Properties

Bigelow, E.  Investigating Rock Mechanical and Fluid Flow Properties.

Dunn, T., 1997.  UNB Geology 1001 Lecture 8-Geophysics I.

Gray, D., B. Goodway, and T. Chen.  Amplitude Versus Offset, Bridging the Gap: Using AVO to Detect Changes in Fundamental Elastic Constants.

High Resolution Geotomography and 3D-GPR Techniques to characterize Quarternary Gravel Deposits and Their Hydraulic Properties

Hoar, J. H., 1982.  Field Measurement of Seismic Wave Velocity and Attenuation for Dynamic Analyses.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

 Mooney, H. M., 1984.  Handbook of Engineering Geophysics; Volume 1:  Seismic.  Bison Instruments Inc., Minneapolis, MN, (612/926-1846).

 Natural Resources Canada.  Full Waveform Acoustic, Geologic Interpretation of Full Waveform Acoustic Logs. 

Nigbor, R.L., and T. Imai, 1994, The suspension P-S velocity logging method Proceedings XIII ICSMFE, New Delhi, India.

 Remediation Requires a Knowledge of Subsurface Porosity, Permeability, and Fluid Saturation.  November, 2001.

Seismic Services International Corporation, Engineering Properties.

Sheriff, R., and L. Geldart, 1995.  Exploration Seismology.  Cambridge University Press.

Sirles, P. C., and A. Viksne, 1990.  Site-Specific Shear Wave Velocity Determinations for Geotechnical Engineering Applications.  Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Investigations in Geophysics No. 5, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 121-131.

Sirles, P. C., D. Custer, and D. McKisson, 1993.  CROSSIT Version 2, (computer program for data reduction and presentation of crosshole seismic measurements), US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO.

Stokoe, K. H., 1980.  Field Measurement of Dynamic Soil Properties.  Specialty Conference on Civil Engineering and Nuclear Power, ASCE, Sept. 15-17, Knoxville, TN.

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 1992.  Geophysical Investigations at Tabor Dam, Unpublished report D-3611, Seismotectonics and Geophysics Section, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO. 

Rippability

Caterpillar, 1988.  Handbook of Ripping. 8^th Edition.

Hasbrouck Geophysics, Inc., Rippability (refraction seismic).

Natural Resources.  Seismic Exploration with a General Relation of Wave Velocity to Rippability. 

Rucker, M., 2000.  Applying the Seismic Refraction Technique to Exploration for Transportation Facilities. 

 Utilities Detection

Cist, D., and A. Schutz, 2001.  State of the Art for Pipe and Leak Detection DE-FC26-01NT41317 A Low Cost GPR Gas and Pipe and Leak Detector.  Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. 

 Ditchwitch Web Site.  Utility Detection.  www.ditchwitch.com

 Duffy, D., 2001,  Finding Buried Utilities Before They Find You.

 FHWA Web site.  Proper Use of Surface Geophysical Equipment.

 G.P.R. Geophysical Services.  Ground Penetrating Radar.

 Geometrics.  OhmMapper-Resistivity Mapping. 

 Geovision Web Site.  Geophysical Techniques for Shallow Environmental Investigations.

 Hertlein, B., 1998.  Geophysics for Utility Location: When it Works-When it Won't. Presented at the American Gas Association 1998 Operations Conference.

Locating Buried Utilities (using GPR). ,

 Park, C., R. Miller, et al., 2000.  Multichannel Seismic Surface Wave Methods for Geotechnical Applications: Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

 Pinelli, G, G. DePasquale, G. Manacorda, and P. Papeschi, 1999.  A Dedicated Radar System for Preliminary No-Dig Investigation.

 Roubal, M., 2000.  Evaluating & Locating Engineering Structures Using Non-destructive Testing Technology.  Proceedings First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

 Sterling, R., 2000.  Utility Locating Technologies: A Summary of Responses to a Statement of Need.  Distributed by the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer.

 Utility Detection.  Rycom 8875 Pipe and Cable Locator.

 Utility Detection. RD 590 APT.

 Utility Detection. Risor-bond 1205.

 Utility Detection. Sensors & Software-Noggin.

Utility Detection. Subsite 75R/75T-action.

Tanks

Expedited Site Assessment Tools for Underground Storage Tank Sites-A Guide for Regulators. EPA 510-B-97-001;March 1997,

 NWGLED Web Site.  List of Leak Detection Evaluations for Underground Storage Tank (UST) Systems.

 Soule, R. Survey Over a UST Using Combined Magnetometer/EM61.

Plumes

Anderson, J., and J. Peltola, 1996.  Ground Penetrating Radar as a Tool for Detecting Contaminated Areas.

 Berryman, J.G.  Surface and Borehole Electromagnetic Imaging of Conduction Contaminant Plumes. 

 BYU Web Site.  GPR Used to Assess Natural Hydrogeologic Conditions.

 Cist, D., and A. Schutz, 2001. State of the Art for Pipe and Leak Detection DE-FC26-01NT41317 A Low Cost GPR Gas and Pipe and Leak Detector. Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. 

 Digistar Web Site.  EM Mapping of Plumes.

 Edwards Air Force Base Web Site.  Plume Example.

 Electrical Resistance Tomography, Innovative Technology Summary Report. DOE/EM-0538

 EM and Radar Uses for Plumes. 

 EM Induction Surveys Near the Norman Landfill, USGS EM31/EM34 Data and Images.

 G.P.R. Geophysical Services.  Ground Penetrating Radar.

 GEOE 475.  Advanced Hydrogeology Course Notes.

 Geosurvey Web Site.  GPR Image of Oil Plume. 

 Godwin, M., and Monks, K.,  Sample Design Optimization and Identification of Contaminant Plumes and Subsurface Structures Through Use of Multi-tool Surface Geophysics.

 Griesemer, J.  Diving Plumes. 

Johnson, C., J. Lane, J. Williams, and F. Haeni, 2001.  Application of Geophysical Methods to Delineate Contamination in Fractured Rock at the University of Connecticut Landfill, Storrs, Connecticut.

 U.S. Geological Survey.  Contaminate Plumes and Geophysics. Denver, CO.

 USGS Web Site.  Assessment of Natural Attenuation in the East Branch Canal Creek Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 

Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)

UXO Information.  ,

Gamey, T., W. Doll, D. Bell, A. Duffy, and S. Millhouse.  Evaluation of Improved Airborne Techniques for Detection of UXO.

 Hollyer, G., and L. Racic.  Enhancing Geophysical Data Acquisition, Quality Control, Processing, Analysis and Visualization for UXO Detection, Characterization and Discrimination.

 Innovative Seismic System for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Classification.

 Krumhansl, P. E. Dorfman, P. Remington, H. Allik, R. Mullen, M. Goldsmith, and R. Barile. Innovative Seismic System for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Classification.  CU-1091 Final Report, BBN Technologies Report No. 8313.

www.geosoftx.com/support/Papers/pdfs/integratedgeophysical.pdf

 Powers, M., and G. Olhoeft, 1996.  Computer Modeling to Transfer GPR UXO Detectability Knowledge Between Sites.  Proceedings UXO Forum 1996 Conference, Williamsburg, VA.  http://www.g-p-r.com/uxo96.pdf

 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2000.  Ordnance and Explosives Response.  Pamphlet EP 1110-1-18. 

 Warren, J., and G. Fields, 2002.  Digital Geophysical Mapping for UXO.  RTLP/ITAM Conference-Digital Geophysical Mapping for UXO. 

Blizkovsky, M., 1979.  Processing and Applications in Microgravity Surveys.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 27, No. 4, pp 848‑861.

Bodmer, R., S. Ward, and H. Morrison, 1968.  On Induced Electrical Polarization and Ground Water.  Geophysics, Vol 33, No. 5, pp 805-821.

Bradshaw, J. M., 1976.  New Casing Log Defines Internal/External Corrosion.  World Oil, Vol 183, No. 4, pp 53‑55.

Broding, R. A., 1984.  Application of the Sonic Volumetric Scan Log to Cement Evaluation. Procedings of 25 Symposium of Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, New Orleans, 1984, Transactions: Houston, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Vol 2, pp JJ1‑JJ17.

Butler, D. K., 1983.  Cavity Detection and Delineation Research; Report 1, Microgravimetric Surveys, Medford Caul Site, Florida.  Technical Report GL-83-1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Butler, D. K., 1984.  Microgravimetric and Gravity-Gradient Techniques for Detection of Subsurface Cavities.  Geophysics, Vol 49, No. 7, pp 1084-1096.

Butler, D. K., 1986.  Assessment and Field Examples of Continuous Wave Electromagnetic Surveying for Ground Water; Report 10, Military Hydrology,  Miscellaneous Paper EL-79-6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Butler, D. K., 1986.  Transient Electromagnetic Methods for Ground-Water Assessment. Miscellaneous Paper GL-86-27, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Butler, D. K., D. Yule, J. Llopis, and M. Sharp, 1989.  Geophysical Assessment of Foundation Conditions, Mill Creek Dam.  Technical Report GL-89-12, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Butler, D. K., J. Simms, and D. Cook, 1994.  Archaeological Geophysics Investigation of the Wright Brothers 1910 Hanger Site  Technical Report GL‑89-13, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Butler, D. K., 1992.  Proceedings of the Government Users Workshop on Ground Penetrating Radar Applications and Equipment.  Miscellaneous Paper GL-92-40, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Cahyna, F., O. Mazac, and D. Vendhodova, D., 1990.  Determination of the Extent of Cyanide Contamination by Surface Geoelectrical Methods.  Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Vol 2, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 97-99.

Colwel, R. N., 1983.  Manual of Remote Sensing, Volumes 1 and 2, American Society of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, VA.

Corwin, R. W., 1989.  Geotechnical Applications of the Self-Potential Method.  Technical Report REMRGT‑6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Corwin, R. F., and D. Hoover, 1979.  The Self-Potential Method in Geothermal Exploration, Geophysics, Vol 44, No. 2, pp 226-245.

Craig, J. T., Jr., and B. Randall, 1976.  Directional Survey Calculation.  Petroleum Engineer International, March 1976, pp 38‑54.

Crowder, R. E., F. Paillet, and A. Hess, 1994.  High Resolution Flowmeter Logging ‑ A Unique Combination of Borehole Geophysics and Hydraulics; Part I, Flowmeter Techniques and Equipment Development: Borehole Applications with the Heat Pulse Flowmeter.  Proceedings of Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Vol 1.

Das, B. M., 1994.  Principles of Geotechnical Engineering.  3rd edition, PWS Publishing Company, Boston, MA.

Davison, C. C., W. Keys, and F. Paillet, 1982.  Use of Borehole‑Geophysical Logs and Hydrologic Tests to characterize Crystalline Rock for Nuclear‑Waste Storage, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Manitoba and Chalk River Nuclear Laboratory, Ontario, Canada.  Technical Report 418, Battelle Project Management Division Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation, Columbus, OH. 

Dobrin, M. B., 1960.  Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting.  2nd edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co, Inc., New York. 

Dodds, A. R., and D. Ivic, 1990.  Integrated Geophysical Methods Used for Groundwater Studies in the Murray Basin, South Australia in Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics.  Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

Dudgeon, C. R., M. Green, and W. Smedmor, 1975.  Heat‑Pulse Flowmeter for Boreholes.  Technical Report 4, Water Research Centre, Medmenham, England. 

Duska, L., 1963.  A Rapid Curved Path Method for Weathering and Drift Corrections. Blondeau Swartz, Vol 28, No. 6, pp 925-947.

Eastman Kodak Co., 1982.  Kodak for Aerial Photography.  Kodak Publication No. M-29, Rochester, NY.

Eastman Kodak Co., 1983.  characteristics of Kodak Films.  Kodak Publication No. M-57, Rochester, NY.

Edwards, J. M., and S. Stroud, 1964.  A Report on Field Results of the Electromagnetic Casing Inspection Log.  Paper SPE 664, Society of Petroleum Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers.

Elifrits, C. D., T. Barney, D. Barr, and C. Johannsen, 1979.  Low Cost Method of Mapping Land Cover Using Satellite Images.  In Learning to Use Our Environment, The Institute of Environmental Studies, Mt. Prospect, IL.

Erchul, Ronald A., and D. Slifer, 1989.  The Use of Self Potential to Detect Ground-Water Flow in Karst.  Technical Report REMR-GT-6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Ewing, S., 1939.  The Copper-Copper Sulfate Half Cell for Measuring Potentials in the Earth.  American Gas Association Proc.

Fajklewicz, Z., 1983.  Rock-Burst Forecasting and Genetic Research in Coal-Mines by Microgravity Method.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 31, No. 5, pp 748‑765.

Frische, R. H., and H. Von Buttlar, 1957.  A Theoretical Study of Induced Electrical Polarization.  Geophysics, Vol 22, No. 3, pp. 688-706.

Gal'perin, E. I., 1974.  Vertical Seismic Profiling.  Special Publication No. 12, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

Geonics, 1993.  Buried-Metal Detection with the EM61.  Geonics Limited, Ontario, Canada.

Geotechnical Applications of Remote Sensing and Remote Data Transmission, STP 967, A. I. Johnson and C. B. Pettersson, ed., Philadelphia, PA.

Ghosh, D. P., 1971a.  Inverse Filter Coefficient for the Computation of Apparent Resistivity Standard Curves for a Horizontally Stratified Earth.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 19, No. 4, pp 769-775.

Ghosh, D. P.,  1971b.  The Application of Linear Filter Theory to the Direct Interpretation of Geoelectrical Resistivity Sounding Measurements.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 19, pp 192-217.

Grant, F. S., and G. West, 1965.  Interpretation Theory in Applied Geophysics.  McGraw-Hill, New York.

Guyod, H,, 1966.  Interpretation of Electric and Gamma Ray Logs in Water Wells,  The Log Analyst, Vol 6, No. 5, pp 29‑44.

Hallof, P., 1980.  Grounded Electrical Methods in Geophysical Exploration,  Practical Geophysics for the Exploration Geologist, Northwest Mining Association, Spokane, WA, pp 39-152.

Hardage, B. A., 1983.  Vertical Seismic Profiling, Part A:  Principles.  Geophysical Press, London. 

Hardage, B. A., and J. DiSiena, 1984.  Vertical Seismic Profiling.  Society of Exploration Geophysicists Continuing Education Program, Denver, CO.

Hearst, J. R., and P. Nelson, 1985.  Well Logging for Physical Properties, McGraw‑Hill, New York.

Heiland, C. A., 1940.  Geophysical Exploration, Prentice-Hall, New York. 

Hempen, G., and A. Hatheway, 1992.  Geophysical Methods for Hazardous Waste Site Characterization.  Special Publication No. 3, Association of Engineering Geologists, Sudbury, MA.

Hess, A. E.,  1982.  A Heat‑Pulse Flowmeter for Measuring Low Velocities in Boreholes. U.S. Geological Survey Open‑File Report 82‑699. 

Hilchie, D. W.  1968.  Caliper Logging‑‑Theory and Practice.  The Log Analyst, Vol 9, No. 1, pp 3‑12.

Hoar, J. H., 1982.  Field Measurement of Seismic Wave Velocity and Attenuation for Dynamic Analyses.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

Hodges, R. E., and W. Teasdale, 1991.  Considerations Related to Drilling Methods in Planning and Performing Borehole‑Geophysical Logging for Ground‑water Studies. Water‑Resources Investigations Report 91‑4090, U.S. Geological Survey.

Hoffman, G. L., M. Fenton, and J. Pawlowicz, 1991.  Downhole Geophysics Project 1986‑1990, Final Report.  Alberta Research Council Information Series No. 110.

Hollister, J. C., 1967.  A Curved Path Refractor Method, in Seismic Refraction Prospecting.  A. W. Musgrave, editor, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 217-230.

Hudson, D. D., 1976.  A Cost/Benefit Study of Several Land Use Mapping Methodologies Using Remotely Sensed Data.  Unpublished M.S. thesis, Department of Geological Engineering, University of Missouri at Rolla.

Hudson, D. D., C. Elifrits, and D. Barr, 1976.  Investigation of the Use of Remote Sensor Imagery for Land Resource Mapping.  Office of Administration, State of Missouri, Jefferson City, MO.

Johannsen, H. K., 1975.  An Interactive Computer/Graphic-Display-Terminal System for Interpretation of Resistivity Soundings. Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 23, pp 449-458.

Johannsen, C. J., and J. Sanders, 1982.  Remote Sensing and Resource Management, Soil Conservation Society of America, Ankeny, IA.

Jones, P. H., 1961.  Hydrology of Waste Disposal, National Reactor Testing Station, Idaho. US Geological Survey IDO 22042, Issued by US Atomic Energy Commission Technical Information Service, Oak Ridge, TN.

Jorgensen, D. G., 1989.  Using Geophysical Logs to Estimate Porosity, Water Resistivity, and Intrinsic Permeability.  U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2321.

Joyce, A. T., 1978.  Procedures for Gathering Ground Truth.  Information for a Supervised Approach to a Computer-Implemented Land Cover Classification of Landsat-Acquired Multispectral Scanner Data.  NASA Reference Publication No. 1015, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX.

Kaufman, A. A., and G. Keller, 1983.  Frequency and Transient Soundings. Elsevier, New York. 

Keller, G. V., and F. Frischknecht, 1966.  Electrical Methods in Geophysical Prospecting. Pergamon Press, New York.

Kendall, H. A., 1965.  Application of SP Curves to Corrosion Detection.  Journal of Petroleum Technology, pp 1029‑1032.

Kennett, P., and R. Ireson, 1982.  Vertical Seismic Profiles.  European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, 44th Annual Meeting, Cannes, France.

Kerfoot, W. B., 1982.  Comparison of 2‑D and 3‑D Ground‑water Flowmeter Probes in Fully Penetrating Monitoring Wells.  Proceedings of Second National Aquifer and Ground Water Monitoring Symposium, National Water Well Association, pp 264‑268.

Keys, W. S., 1963.  Pressure Cementing of Water Wells on the National Reactor Testing Station, Idaho.  US Atomic Energy Commission, IDO 12022. 

Keys, W. S., 1979.  Borehole Geophysics in Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks. Transactions, Society of Professional Well Loggers 20th Annual Logging Symposium, Tulsa, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, pp 001‑0026.

Keys, W. S., 1984.  A Synthesis of Borehole Geophysical Data at the Underground Research Laboratory, Manitoba, Canada. Technical Report 15, Battelle Project Management Division Office of Crystalline Repository Development, Columbus, OH.

Keys, W. S., 1986.  Analysis of Geophysical Logs of Water Wells with a Microcomputer. Ground Water, Vol 24, No. 6, pp 750‑760.

Keys, W. S., 1990.  Borehole Geophysics Applied to Ground‑water Investigations. Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey, Book 2, section E2.  (Also published in 1989 by the National Water Well Association.)

Keys, W. S., 1993.  The Role of Borehole Geophysics in a Superfund Lawsuit. Transactions, 5th International Symposium, Minerals and Geotechnical Logging Society.

Keys, W. S., and A. Boulogne, 1969.  Well Logging with Californium‑252. Transactions, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts 10th Annual Logging Symposium, Houston, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, pp 1‑25.

Keys, W. S., and R. Brown, 1978.  The Use of Temperature Logs to Trace the Movement of Injected Water. Ground Water, Vol 16, No. 1, pp 32‑48.

Keys, W. S., R. Wolff, J. Bredehoeft, E. Shuter, and J. Healy, 1979.  In‑situ Stress Measurements Near the San Andreas Fault in Central California. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol 84, No. B4, pp 1583‑1591.

Keys, W. S., R. Crowder, and W. Henrich, 1993.  Selecting Logs for Environmental Applications.  Seventh Annual Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Groundwater Monitoring, and Geophysical Methods, National Groundwater Association.

Klein, Jan, and J. Lajoie, 1980.  Electromagnetic Prospecting for Minerals.  Practical Geophysics for the Exploration Geologist, Northwest Mining Association, Spokane, WA, pp 239-290.

Komarov, V. A., H. Pishpareva, M. Semenov, and L. Khloponina, 1966.  Theoretical Fundamentals for Interpretation of Survey Data Obtained with the Induced Polarization Method.  Leningrad, Isdatel'stov Nedra.

Krige, J. J., 1939.  Borehole Temperatures in the Transvaal and Orange Free State.  Royal Society (London) Procedures Series A, Vol 173, pp 450‑474.

Kuzmina, E. N., and A. Ogil'vi, 1965.  On the Possibility of Using the Induced Polarization Method to Study Ground Water.  Razvedochnaya i Promyslovaya Geofizika, No. 9, pp 47-69.

Ladwig, K. J., 1982.  Electromagnetic Induction Methods for Monitoring Acid Mine Drainage.  Ground Water Monitoring Review, Winter Issue, pp 46-57.

Lillisand, T. M., and R. Keifer, 1994.  Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation.  3rd edition, Wiley, New York. 

Llopis, J. L., and D. Butler, 1988.  Geophysical Investigation in Support of Beaver Dam Comprehensive Seepage Investigation.  Technical Report GL-88-6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Llopis, J., and K. Sjostrom, 1989.  Geophysical Investigation at Hazardous Waste Management Site 16, Radford Army Ammunition Plant, Radford, Virginia. Miscellaneous Paper GL-89-18, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Loelkes, G. L., G. Howard, E. Schwertz, P. Lampart, and W. Miller, 1983.  Land Use/Land Cover and Environmental Photointerpretation Keys.  USGS Bulletin 1600, U.S. Geological Survey, Alexandria, VA.

McNeill, J. D., 1980.  Electromagnetic Terrain Conductivity Measurement at Low Induction Numbers.  Technical Note TN-6, Geonics Limited, Ontario, Canada.

McNeill, J. D., 1986.  Rapid, Accurate Mapping of Soil Salinity Using Electromagnetic Ground Conductivity Meters.  Technical Note TN-20, Geonics Limited, Ontario, Canada.

McNeill, J. D., 1990.  Use of Electromagnetic Methods for Groundwater Studies. Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Vol 1, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 191-218.

Mooney, H. M., 1984.  Handbook of Engineering Geophysics; Volume 1:  Seismic.  Bison Instruments Inc., Minneapolis, MN, (612/926-1846).

Mooney, H. M., and W. Wetzel, 1956.  The Potentials About a Point Electrode and Apparent Resistivity Curves for a Two-, Three-, and Four Layer Earth.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.

Nettleton, L. L., 1971. Elementary Gravity and Magnetics for Geologists and Seismologists.  Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK.

Nielsen, David M., and L. Aller, 1984.  Methods for Determining the Mechanical Integrity of Class II Injection Wells.  Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory Report EPA‑600/2‑84‑121, US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, Ada, OK.

Orellana, E., and H. Mooney, 1966.  Master Tables and Curves for Vertical Electrical Sounding Over Layered Structures. Madrid Interciecia. 

Paillet, F. L., 1980.  Acoustic Propagation in the Vicinity of Fractures Which Intersect a Fluid‑Filled Borehole. Transactions, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts 21st Annual Logging Symposium, pp DD1‑DD33.

Paillet, F. L., 1981.  A Comparison of Fracture Characterization Techniques Applied to Near‑Vertical Fractures in a Limestone Reservoir. Transactions, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts 22nd Annual Logging Symposium, pp XX1‑XX29.

Paillet, F. L., and J. White, 1982.  Acoustic Modes of Propagation in the Borehole and Their Relationship to Rock Properties.  Geophysics, Vol. 47, No. 8, pp 1215‑1228.

Paillet, F. L., W. Keys, and A. Hess, 1985.  Effects of Lithology on Televiewer‑Log Quality and Fracture Interpretation.  Transactions, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts 26th Annual Logging Symposium, pp JJJ1‑JJJ31.

Paillet, F. L., and K. Kim, 1985.  The character and Distribution of Borehole Breakouts and Their Relationship to In‑Situ Stresses in Deep Columbia River Basalts.  Journal of Geophysical Research.

Paillet, F. L., 1994.  Application of Borehole Geophysics in the Characterization of Flow in Fractured Rocks.  US Geological Survey, Water Resources Investigations Report 93‑4214.

Paillet, F. L., R. Crowder, and A. Hess, 1994.  High‑Resolution Flowmeter Logging ‑ A Unique Combination of Borehole Geophysics and Hydraulics; Part II, Borehole Applications with the Heat Pulse Flowmeter.  Proceedings of Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Vol 1.

ADVANCE \U 2.15Palacky, G. J., I. Ritsema, and S. De Jong, 1981.  Electromagnetic Prospecting for Groundwater in Precambrian Terrains in the Republic of Upper Volta.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol 29, pp 932-955.

Palmer, D., 1980.  The Generalized Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction Interpretation. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK.

Parasnis, D. S., 1962.  Principles of Applied Geophysics.  Methuen and Co., Ltd, London.

Parasnis, D. S., 1973.  Mining Geophysics.  Elsevier Scientific Publishing, New York.

Patten, E. P., and G. Bennett, 1963.  Application of Electrical and Radioactive Well Logging to Ground Water Hydrology.  US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1544‑D.

Pedler, W. H., M. Barvenik, C. Tsang, and F. Hale, 1990.  Determination of Bedrock Hydraulic Conductivity and Hydrochemistry Using a Wellbore Fluid Logging Method. Proceedings of 4th National Water Well Association Outdoor Action Conference. 

Pedler, W. H., C. Head, and L. Williams, 1992.  Hydrophysical Logging:  A New Wellbore Technology for Hydrogeologic and Contaminant Characterization of Aquifers.  Proceedings of National Groundwater Association 6th National Outdoor Action Conference, pp 1701‑1715.

Pirson, S. J., 1963.  Handbook of Well Log Analysis, Prentice‑Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

Prakash, S., 1981.  Soil Dynamics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.

Redpath, B. B., 1973.  Seismic Refraction Exploration for Engineering Site Investigations. Technical Report E‑73-4, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Redpath, B. B., R. Edwards, R. Hale, and F. Kintzer, 1982.  Development of Field Techniques to Measure Damping Values for Near-surface Rocks and Soils.  Unpublished report prepared for the National Science Foundation Earthquake Hazards Mitigation, New York.

Schimschal, U., 1986.  VSP Interpretation and Applications.  Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, TX.

Scott, J. H., 1977.  Borehole Compensation Algorithms for a Small‑Diameter, Dual‑Detector Density Well-Logging Probe.  Transactions, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts 18th Annual Logging Symposium, Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, pp S1‑S17.

Seigel, H. O., 1959.  Mathematical Formulation and Type Curves for Induced Polarization. Geophysics, Vol 24, No. 3, pp 547-565.

Seigel, H. O., 1970.  The Induced Polarization Method in Mining and Groundwater Geophysics.  Geological Survey Canada, Economic Geology Report 26.

Sharp, M. K., D. Yule, and D. Butler, 1990.  Geophysical Investigation of Burial Site 3-A, Defense Depot, Ogden, Utah.  Miscellaneous Paper GL‑90-6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Sirles, P. C., and A. Viksne, 1990.  Site-Specific Shear Wave Velocity Determinations for Geotechnical Engineering Applications.  Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Investigations in Geophysics No. 5, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 121-131.

Sirles, P. C., D. Custer, and D. McKisson, 1993.  CROSSIT Version 2, (computer program for data reduction and presentation of crosshole seismic measurements), US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO.

Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Houston section, 1979.  The Art of Ancient Log Analysis.  Houston, TX.  

Sternberg, B. K., and others, 1990.  Geophysical Investigations in Support of the Arizona SSc Project.  Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Vol 3, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 211‑228.

Stokoe, K. H., 1980.  Field Measurement of Dynamic Soil Properties.  Specialty Conference on Civil Engineering and Nuclear Power, ASCE, Sept. 15-17, Knoxville, TN.

Telford, W. M., and others, 1976.  Applied Geophysics.  Cambridge University Press.

Telford, W. M., L. Geldart, and R. Sheriff, 1990.  Applied Geophysics, Cambridge University Press, New York. 

Toksoz, M. N., 1984.  Vertical Seismic Profiling; Part B:  Advanced Concepts. Geophysical Press, London.

Tsang, C. H., P. Hufschmied, and F. Hale, 1990.  Determination of Fracture Inflow Parameters with a Borehole Fluid Conductivity Method.  Water Resources Research, Vol 26, No. 4, pp 561‑578.

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 1989.  Seismic Design and Analysis, Design Standards for Embankment Dams, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO.

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 1992.  Geophysical Investigations at Tabor Dam, Unpublished report D-3611, Seismotectonics and Geophysics Section, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO.

Vacquier, V., C. Holmes, P. Kintzinger, and M. Lavergne, 1957.  Prospecting for Ground Water by Induced Electrical Polarization.  Geophysics, Vol 12, No. 3, pp 660-687.

Van Blaricom, R., 1980.  Practical Geophysics for the Exploration Geologist. Northwest Mining Association, Spokane, WA.

Van Nostrand, R. G., and K. Cook, 1966.  Interpretation of Resistivity Data.  US Geological Survey Prof. Paper 499.

Vernon, J. H., F. Paillet, W. Pedler, and W. Griswold, 1993.  Application of Borehole Geophysics in Defining the Wellhead Protection Area for a Fractured Crystalline Bedrock Aquifer.  The Log Analyst, Vol 35, No. 1, pp 41‑57.

Wetzel, W. W., and H. McMurray, 1937.  A Set of Curves to Assist in the Interpretation of the Three Layer Resistivity Problem. Geophysics, Vol 2, pp 329-341.

White, J. E., 1983.  Underground Sound, Application of Seismic Waves.  Elsevier Science Publishing Co., New York.

Wilt, M. J., and D. Butler, 1990.  Geotechnical Applications of the Self Potential (SP) Method; Report 4, Numerical Modeling of SP Anomalies: web manualation of Program SPPC and Applications.  Technical Report REMR-GT-6, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.

Wolff, R. G., J. Bredehoeft, W. Keys, and E. Shuter,, 1974.  Tectonic Stress Determinations, Northern Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado.  Denver Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists Guidebook, pp 193‑198.

Wood, R. C., 1987.  Uses of the EM31 Terrain Conductivity Meter for Mapping Surficial Geology and Groundwater Features in Dryland Salinity Investigations--a Discussion Paper. Internal Report, Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Adminstration, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.

Wright, J., 1988.  VLF Interpretation Manual. EDA Instruments Inc., Englewood, CO.

Wyllie, M. R. J., 1963.  The Fundamentals of Well Log Interpretation.  Academic Press, New York.

Yearsley, E. N., and R. Crowder, 1990.  Acoustic Spectrum Analysis of Borehole Sonic Logs for Engineering Properties and Fracture Characterization:  A Case History. Proceedings of 1990 Annual Symposium on Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Engineering, No. 26.

Yearsley, E. N., R. Crowder, and L. Irons, 1991.  Monitoring Well Completion Evaluation with Borehole Geophysical Density Logging, Ground Water Monitoring Review, Winter. 

Zemanek, J., R. Caldwell, E. Glenn, S. Holcomb, L. Norton, and A. Straus, 1969.  The Borehole Televiewer ‑ A New Logging Concept for Fracture Location and Other Types of Borehole Inspection.  Journal of Petroleum Technology, Vol 21, No. 6, pp 762‑774.

Zhang, G., and Y. Luo, 1990.  The Application of IP and Resistivity Methods to Detect Underground Metal Pipes and Cables.  Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, Vol 3, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, pp 239-248.

Zohdy, A., 1965.  The Auxiliary Point Method of Electrical Sounding Interpretation, and Its Relationship to the Dar Zarrouk Parameters.  Geophysics, Vol 30, pp 644-660.

Zohdy, A., 1968.  The Effect of Current Leakage and Electrode Spacing Errors on Resistivity Measurements.  U.S. Geological Survey, Prof. Paper 600-D, pp 822-833.

Zohdy, A., 1973.  A Computer Program for the Automatic Interpretation of Schlumberger Sounding Curves Over Horizontally Stratified Media.  U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report No. USGS-GD-74-017.

Zohdy, A., 1974.  A Computer Program for the Calculation of Schlumberger Sounding Curves by Convolution.  U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report No. USGS-GD-74-010.

Zohdy, A., 1974.  Electrical Methods in US Geological Survey, Tech Water Resources Investigation, Book 2, section D1.

Zohdy, A., 1975.  Automatic Interpretation of Schlumberger Sounding Curves, Using Modified Dar Zarrouk Functions.  U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1313‑E.

Zohdy, A., and R. Bisdorf, 1975.  Computer Programs for the Forward Calculation and Automatic Inversion of Wenner Sounding Curves.  U.S. Geological Survey.

 Specific Geophysical Methods

Brown, L.T., 1998.  Comparison of V_S Profiles from SASW and Borehole Measurements at Strong Motion Sites in Southern California.  Master's thesis, University of Texas at Austin.

Gabriels, P., R. Snieder, and G. Nolet, 1987.  In-situ Measurements of Shear-Wave Velocity in Sediments with Higher-Mode Rayleigh Waves.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 35, pp. 187-196.

Geovision Web Site.  Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW). 

Gucunski, N., and R. D. Woods, 1991.  Instrumentation for SASW Testing.  Geotechnical Special Publication No. 29, Recent Advances in Instrumentation, Data Acquisition, and Testing in Soil Dynamics, New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 1-16.

Joh, S. H., 1997.  Advances in Interpretation and Analysis Techniques for Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) Measurements.  Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

Kalinski, M.E., 1998.  Determination of V_S and G_MAX Using Surface Wave Measurements in Cased and Uncased Boreholes.  Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

Lai, C.J., 1998.  Simultaneous Inversion of Rayleigh Phase Velocity and Attenuation for Near-surface Site Characterization.  Ph.D. Dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology.

Nolet, G.,  1975 Higher Rayleigh Modes in Western Europe.  Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 2, No. 60.

Olson Engineering Web Site. Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW). http://www.olsonengineering.com/sasw.html

Park., C.B., R. D. Miller, and J. Xia, 1999.  Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves. Geophysics, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 800-808.

Phillips, C., G. Casante, D. Hutchinson, 2002.  The Innovative Use of Seismic Surface Waves for Void Detection and Material Characterization.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '02, Las Vegas, NV.

Rit., F. E., Jr., J. R. Hall, Jr., and R. D. Woods, 1970.  Vibrations of Soils and Foundations.  Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

Rix, G. J., and E. A. Leipski, 1991.  Accuracy and Resolution of Surface Wave Inversion. Geotechnical Special Publication No. 29: Recent Advances in Instrumentation, Data Acquisition, and Testing in Soil Dynamics, New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, pp 17-32.

Roesset, J.M., D. Chang, and K. H. Stokoe, II, 1991.  Comparison of 2-D and 3-D Models for Analysis of Surface Wave Tests.  Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, pp. 111-126.

Roubal, M., 2000.  Evaluating and Locating Engineering Structures Using Non-destructive Testing Technology.  Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure, Dec 2000. 

Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW),

Stokoe, K. H., II, S. G. Wright, J. M. Roesset, R. C. Gauer, and M. Sedighi-Manesh, 1990.  In situ Measurements of Stiffness Profiles in Ocean Bottom Materials Using the SASW Method.  Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, OTC Paper No. 6234, pp. 299-305.

Stokoe, K. H.,II, G. L. Rix, and S. Nazarian, 1989.  In situ Seismic Testing with Surface Waves.  Proceedings of Twelfth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 1, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 330-334.

Tokimatsu, K., 1995.  Geotechnical Site Characterization Using Surfaces Waves.  Proceedings of First International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering, IS-Tokyo, '95, Tokyo, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 1333-1368.

Woods, R. D., 1968.  Screening of Surface Waves in Soils.  Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Proceedings of ASCE, 94 (SM4), pp. 951-979.

Zywicki, D. J., 1999.  Advanced Signal Processing Methods Applied to Engineering Analysis of Seismic Surface Waves.  Ph.D. Dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology.

Zywicki, D. J.  Advanced Signal Processing Methods Applied to Engineering Analysis of Seismic Surface Waves. 

 The Seismoelectrical Method

Butler, K. E., R. Russell, A. Kepic, M. and Maxwell, 1996.  Measurement of the Seismoelectric Response from a Shallow Boundary.  Geophysics, Vol. 61, No. 06, pp. 1769-1778.

Haartsen, M. and R. Pride, 1994.  Modeling of Coupled Electroseismic Wave Propagation from Point Sources in Layered Media.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 1155-1158.

Haartsen, M. W., Z. Zhu, and M. Toksoz,, 1995.  Seismoelectric Experimental Data and Modeling in Porous Layer Models at Ultrasonic Frequencies.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 696-699.

Kindij, E., 1960.  Discussion of the Electroseismic Effect, by Martner, S. T., et al (GEO-24-02-0297-0308).  Geophysics, Vol. 25, No. 01, p. 325.

Long, L. T., and W. Rivers, 1975.  Field Measurement of the Electroseismic Response. Geophysics, Vol. 40, No. 02, pp. 233-245.

Martner, S. T., and N. Sparks, 1959.  The Electroseismic Effec.  Geophysics, Vol. 24, No. 02, pp. 297-308. (* Discussion in GEO-25-01-0325-0325)

Mikhailov, O. V., J. Queen, and N. Toksoz, 1997a.  Using Borehole Electroseismic Measurements to Detect and characterize Fractured (permeable) zones.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 1981-1984.

Mikhailov, O. V., M. Haartsen, and N. Toksoz, 1997b.  Electroseismic Investigation of the Shallow Subsurface: Field Measurements and Numerical Modeling.  Geophysics, Vol. 62, No. 01, pp. 97-105.

Millar, J, and R. Clarke.  Electrokinetic Techniques for Measurement of Rock Permeability. Company Brochure from GroundFlow Ltd.

Murthy, Y. S., 1985.  First Results on the Direct Detection of Groundwater by Seismoelectric Effect - A Field Experiment.  ASEG 13th Geophysical Conference, Australian Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, Vol. 16, pp. 254-256.

Pride, S. and W. Haartsen, 1993.  Modeling Electroseismic Wave Phenomena in Layered Media.  61st Meeting of the European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session:D017.

Pride, S. R., and F. Morgan, 1991.  Electrokinetic Dissipation Induced by Seismic Waves.  Geophysics, Vol. 56, No. 07, pp. 914-925.

Pride, S. R., T. Madden, and N. Toksoz, 1992.  Theoretical Modeling of the Electroseismic Effect.  61st Meeting of the European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 348-349.

Ramboll Web Site.  New Seismic Method for Mapping of Groundwater,

Russell, R. D., K. Butler, A. Kepic, and M. Maxwell, 1997.  Seismoelectric Exploration.  The Leading Edge, Vol. 16, No. 11, pp. 1611-1615.

Schirov, M., and A. Legchenko, 1991.  A New Direct Non-invasive Groundwater Detection Technology for Australia.  Exploration Geophysics.

Shankar, R.K., Groundwater Exploration.  20^th WEDC Conference

Thompson, A. H., and G. Gist, 1991.  Electroseismic Prospecting. Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 425-427.

Thompson, A. H., and G. Gist, 1993.  Geophysical Applications of Electrokinetic Conversion.  The Leading Edge, Vol. 12, No. 12, pp. 1169-1173.

Zhu, Z., and D. Toksoz, 1999.  Seismoelectric and Seismomagnetic Measurements in Fractured Borehole Models.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 144-147. 

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Bernard, J., 1997.  The Proton Magnetic Resonance Method for Groundwater Investigations.  IRIS web manual.

Fox, R. A., 1987.  Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Body.  ASEG 13th Geophysical Conference, Australian Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, Vol. 18, pp. 58-59.

GEO ENG Web Site.  Groundwater Geophysics Solutions.

Goldman, G., M. Rabinovich, and I. Rabinovich, 1996.  Detection of the Water Level in Fractured Phreatic Aquifers using NMR Geophysical Measurements.  Journal of Applied Geophysics.

Goldman, M., B. Rabinovich, M. Rabinovich, D. Gilad, I. Gev, and M. Hurlimann, 1997. Advances in the Characterization of Pore Geometry and Pore Fluids by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 1934-1937.

Hurlimann, M. D., 1997.  Advances in the Characterization of Pore Geometry and Pore Fluids by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 1934-1937.

IRIS Instruments, 1997.  NUMIS-Surface PMR System for Water Prospecting-Maintenance Manual. 

IRIS Instruments, 1997.  Some Recent Publications on the Proton Magnetic Resonance Method Applied to Groundwater Investigations.  Prepared for US Department of Energy. Agreement No. DE-FG07-96ER14732.

IRIS Instruments.  NUMIS Sounding Inversion Program Manual.

IRIS Instruments.  NUMIS-Surface PMR System for Water Prospecting, Users Guide.

Jackson, J. A., 1981.  New NMR Well-logging/Fracture Mapping Technique with Possible Application of Squid NMR Detection.  In Overton, W. C., Jr., Ed., SQUID Applications in Geophysics, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 161-165.

Knight, R., T. Bryar, and C. Daughney, 1999.  Laboratory Studies to Assess the Use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Near surface Applications.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

Legchenko, A. V., Shushakov, O. A., Perrin, J. A. and Portselan, A. A., 1995, Noninvasive NMR study of subsurface aquifers in France: Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, 364-367.

Legchenko, A., 1996a.  Some Aspects of the Performance of the Surface NMR Method.  Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 936-939.

Legchenko, A., 1996b.  A Practical Accuracy of the Surface NMR Measurements.  61st Meeting European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session:M025.

Legchenko, A., 1998.  Inversion of Surface NMR Data.  Geophysics, Vol. 63, No. 01, pp. 75 84.

Maxwell, S. and Segel, S. L., 1985, A superfast NMR determination of the proton content of rocks: Annual Meeting Abstracts, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session BHG5.6.

Mohnke, O. and U. Yaramanci, 1999.  A New Inversion Scheme for Surface NMR Amplitudes Using Simulated Annealing.  61st Meeting of the European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session 2027.

Nes, O., P. Horsrud, and T. Skjetne, 1993.  Shale Porosities as Determined by NMR. Abstracts, Annual Meeting, Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 88-91.

New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 1998.  Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Water Content in the Subsurface.  Blackhawk Geometrics, Inc.

Schirov, M., A. Legchenko, and G. Creer, 1991.  A New Direct Non-invasive Groundwater Detection Technology for Australia.  ASEG 13th Geophysical Conference, Australian Society Of Exploration Geophysicists, Vol. 12, pp. 333-338.

Shushakov, O. A., 1996.  Groundwater NMR in Conductive Water.  Geophysics, Vol. 61, No. 04, pp. 998-1006.

Trushkin, D. V., O. Shushakov, and A. Legchenko, 1994.  The Potential of a Noise-Reducing Antenna for Surface NMR Groundwater Surveys in the Earth's Magnetic Field.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 42, No. 07, pp. 855-862.

Trushkin, D. V., O. Shushakov, and A. Legchenko, 1995.  Surface NMR Applied to an Electroconductive Medium.  Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 43, No. 05, pp. 623-633.

Yaramanci, U., G. Lange, and K. Knodel, 1998.  Effects of Regularization in the Inversion of Surface NMR Measurements.  61st Meeting of the European Association of  Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session:10-18.

Yaramanci, U., G. Lange, and M. Hertrich, 1999.  Surface NMR Combined with Geoelectrics and Radar for Aquifer Studies in Nauen, Berlin.  61st Meeting European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts, European Association Of Exploration Geophysicists, Session:2028.

 Crosshole Sonic Logging (CSL), CSL Tomography (CSLT)

Finno, R. J., and P. Champy, 1997.  Cross-hole Sonic Logging Evaluation of Drilled Shafts at the Northwestern University National GeoTechnical Experimentation Site, Final Report to the Infrastructure Technology Institute.  http://www.iti.northwestern.edu/projects/NDE/

Hanna, K., K. Haramy, K, A. Rock, and B. Hoekstra, 2001.  Three-Dimensional Tomographic Imaging for Deep Foundation Integrity Testing Case Studies.  Proceedings of 52^nd  Highway Geology Symposium, Allegheny County, Maryland.

Hanna, K., K. Haramy, K, A. Rock, and B. Hoekstra, 2000.  Three-Dimensional Tomographic Imaging for Deep Foundation Integrity Testing.  Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

Haramy, K. Y, and N. Mekic-Stall, 2000.  Cross-hole Sonic Logging and Tomographic Imaging Surveys to Evaluate the Integrity of Deep Foundations - Case Studies.  FHWA,

Haramy, K. Y, and N. Mekic-Stall, 2000.  Evaluation of Drilled Shafts at Piney Creek Bridge Using Cross-hole Sonic Logging Data and 3D Tomographic Imaging Method.   Proceedings of First International Conference on the Application of Geophysical Methodologies & NDT to Transportation Facilities and Infrastructure.

InfraSeis Web Site,

Jalinoos, F., et al, 1995.  Ultrasonic Cross-hole and Cross-medium Tomography for the Detection of Defects in Structural Concrete.  Proceedings of SAGEEP '95, Orlando, FL.

Mekic-Stall, N., P. Sirles, and R. Grimm, 2002.   2D and 3D Cross-hole Sonic Logging Tomography (CSLT) versus Cross-hole Sonic Logging (CSL) for Drilled Shafts.  U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highways Administration, Geophysics 2002, Los Angeles, California.

Olson Engineering Web Site.  Cross-hole Sonic Logging.  http://www.olsonengineering.com/CSL.html

Piletest.com, Pile Integrity Sonic Analyzer and Cross-hole Ultrasonic Analyzer.  Products and Services- Network Advertisement.

Test Method Review- A Comparison of Gamma/gamma and Cross-hole Sonic Logging.